Then our mouth was filled with laughter, and our tongue with singing. Then they said among the nations, “Yahweh has done great things for them.”
Then was our mouth filled with laughter, and our tongue with singing. So full were they of joy that they could not contain themselves. They must express their joy and yet they could not find expression for it. Irrepressible mirth could do no other than laugh, for speech was far too dull a thing for it.
This Psalm was written after the Jewish people returned from Babylon, not as prophecy of what was to come. The poet exhorts the returning captives to give thanks, making plain that God Himself brought them home, not chance or the favor of men. The abstract noun captivity stands for the concrete captives of Zion.
AI summary
Commenting on Psalm 126:1-6
Psa 126:1-3 When passages like Isa 1:9; Gen 47:25, or others where והיינו is perf. consec., are appealed to in order to prove that היינוּ כּחלמים may signify erimus quasi somniantes, they are instances that are different in point of syntax. Any other rendering than that of the lxx is here impossible, viz.: Ἐν τῷ ἐπιστρέψαι κύριον τὴν αἰχμαλωσίαν Σιὼν ἐγενήθημεν ὡς παρακεκλημένοι (כּנחמים? - Jerome correctly, quasi somniantes).
Commenting on Psalm 126:2-3